NALMCO Certified Apprentice Lighting Technician (CALT) Practice Exam

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In a fluorescent lamp, what substance on the bulb converts UV energy into visible light?

  1. Fluorescence

  2. Halogen gas

  3. Phosphor

  4. Mercury

The correct answer is: Phosphor

In a fluorescent lamp, phosphor is the substance applied to the inside of the bulb that plays a crucial role in converting ultraviolet (UV) energy into visible light. When an electric current passes through the gas inside the bulb, it excites the mercury vapor, which then produces UV radiation. This UV radiation is not visible to the human eye, so the phosphor coating is essential. The phosphor absorbs the UV light emitted by the mercury and re-emits it as visible light, which is what illuminates the surroundings. The use of phosphor is critical for making fluorescent lamps efficient in terms of energy conversion and is fundamentally what distinguishes fluorescent lighting from other types of illumination.

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